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The old media or legacy media are traditional means of communication and expression that have existed since before the advent of the new medium of the Internet. Industries that are generally considered part of the old media are broadcast and cable television, movie and music studios, newspapers, books and most print publications. Many of those industries are now less profitable than they used to be and this is has been attributed to the growth of the new media.
New media is a term that describes media which can only be viewed or used with the aid of computer processing power. Is is often said to be a form of media that includes some aspect of interactivity for its audience, to a greater or lesser degree. It is usually in digital form; which is what enables computers to store it, operate on it, and make it interactive.
While the term New Media is disputed - the technologies involved are now up to 25 years old - theorist Lev Manovich has argued forcefully against the alternative term digital media in The Language of New Media (2001), on the basis that a digital process is one which is based on sampling a continuous (analog) one from the real world in order to re-present it. While computer based media fit into this description, as data is converted into binary code, so too does cinema - which functions by sampling time into a series of discrete images which are then played in rapid succession. Consequently, the term digital media signifies too broad a range of technologies for Manovich to consider it to be of any value within academic discourse.
Defining what he purports to be the principles of new media - which are not to be understood as fixed as laws - Manovich proposes:
What falls under New Media:
* Internet Art * Video games and virtual worlds as they impact marketing and public relations. * Multimedia CD-ROMs * Software * Web sites including brochureware * blogs and wikis * Email and attachments * Electronic kiosks * Interactive television * Mobile devices * Podcasting * Hypertext fiction * Mashup (web application hybrid) * Graphical User Interfaces
Reference: Manovich, Lev (2001). "The Language of New Media". MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. p20
Digital media (as opposed to analog media) usually refers to electronic media that work on digital codes. Today, computing is primarily based on the binary numeral system. Digital media like digital audio, digital video and other digital "content" can be created, referred to and distributed via digital information processing machines. Digital media represents a profound change from previous (analog) media. (Wikipedia)
Social media describes the online technologies and practices that people use to share content, opinions, insights, experiences, perspectives, and media themselves.
Social media can take many different forms, including text, images, audio, and video. The social media sites typically use tools like message boards, forums, podcasts, bookmarks, communities, wikis, weblogs etc.
Social media has a number of characteristics that make it fundamentally different from traditional media:
Web 2.0 refers to a perceived second generation of web-based communities and hosted services — such as social-networking sites, wikis and folksonomies — which aim to facilitate collaboration and sharing between users. The term became popular following the first O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 conference in 2004. Although the term suggests a new version of the World Wide Web, it does not refer to an update to any technical specifications, but to changes in the ways software developers and end-users use the web. According to Tim O'Reilly, Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the internet as platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.
Some technology experts, notably Tim Berners-Lee, have questioned whether one can use the term in a meaningful way, since many of the technology components of "Web 2.0" have existed since the early days of the Web.
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